Les Commandes Linux
alain Adelmar
Les commandes Linux ou
plutôt l'ensemble des commandes reconnues par une console sur un
OS Linux et un amalgame de commandes typiquement Linux, des commandes
UNIX, d'applications installés sur votre distribution, de
commandes reconnues par bash, sh, csh, etc...
Vous trouverez ci-dessous un liste de ces commandes (elle n'est pas
complète et de loin puissque c'est celle de ma distribution
fraichement installé Fedora Core1) . Vous pouvez obtenir
la votre en appuyant simplement deux fois sur la touche Tab lorsque
vous étes sur une console Linux:
Tab étant la touche de reconnaissance de commandes.
J'ai décidé de sortir la liste et de donner la
signification de quelques unes de ces commandes. Toutefois pour
vraiement savoir ce que signifie chaque commande il est fortement
conseillé de consulter la doc en commencant par le man en tapant:
man nom_de_la_commande
En régle générale, pour savoir ce que
représente un terme
ou une commande que vous ne
connaissez pas, commencez la recherche par:
man commande
puis si vous n'avez rien:
apropos commande
ou encore:
whatis commande
ou si il n'y à toujours rien, essayez la doc, qui se trouve en
général dans /usr/doc ou
/usr/share/doc ainsi que /usr/X11R6/doc ou dans les HOWTO
qui ne sont pas loin de la doc. Vous pouvez également consulter
les textinfo
en tapant :
info
enfin si vous ne trouvez toujours pas, il est temps de chercher
sur google : http:www.google.fr/ ou de demander dans un
news.groupe comme: fr.comp.linux.configuration ou
nnx.neuroconnexion ou ze-linux.org
ou en maillant à une personne de bon conseil et pas loin de chez
vous (consultez la liste de volontaires bénévoles
PROSELUX sur http://www.linux-france.org/article/proselux/ )
J'en fais partis alors n'hésité pas, écrivez moi
à: alain Adelmar
aadelmar@free.fr ou a-adelmar@wanadoo.fr
trouvez un topo sur ces commandes ici
a2p
a2ps
aclocal
aclocal-1.4
aclocal-1.5
aclocal-1.6
aclocal-1.7
activation-client
addftinfo
addr2line
addr2name.awk
addresses
alEd, petit script en Perl
alevtd
alias
a.log
animate
anytopnm
apm
apmsleep
appletproxy
appres
apropos
ar
arch
ark
artsbuilder
artscat
artscontrol
artsd
artsdsp
artsmessage
artsplay
artsrec
artsshell
artswrapper
as
asciitopgm
ascii-xfr
ash
ash.static
aspell
aspell-import
at
atktopbm
atlantik
atlantikdesigner
atobm
atq
atrm
attr
aumix
aumix-minimal
authconfig
authconfig-gtk
autoconf
autoheader
autom4te
automake
automake-1.4
automake-1.5
automake-1.6
automake-1.7
autopoint
autoreconf
autorun
autoscan
autoupdate
autovbox
awk
b2m
basename
bash
bash2
bashbug
batch
bc
bdfindex
bdftopcf
bdftops
bdftruncate
beforelight
berkeley_db_svc
bg
bind
bioradtopgm
bison
bitmap
blackjack
b.log
bmptoppm
bmtoa
bonobo-activation-run-query
bonobo-slay
break
brushtopbm
bsh
builtin
bunzip2
byacc
bzcat
bzcmp
bzdiff
bzgrep
bzip2
bzip2recover
bzless
bzmore
c++
c2ph
c89
c99
cal
calibrate_ppa
cancel
cancel.cups
capifax
capifaxrcvd
capiinfo
captoinfo
card
case
cat
catchsegv
cc
ccexample
cd
cdda2wav
cddb-slave2-properties
cdecl
c++decl
cdlabelgen
cdp
cdparanoia
cdplay
cdrdao
cdrecord
c++filt
chacl
chage
charmap
chattr
checkXML
chfn
chgrp
chmod
chooser
chown
chromium
chromium-setup
chrt
chsh
chvt
ci
civ
civclient
civclient-gtk
civclient-wrapper
civclient-xaw
civserver
civserver-wrapper
cjpeg
cksum
cleanlinks
clear
cmail
cmp
cmuwmtopbm
co
col
colcrt
colrm
column
combinediff
comm
command
CompFile.pl
compfile_up.pl
compgen
compile_encoding
compile_et
complete
composeglyphs
composite
concatene
conjure
consolehelper
consolehelper-gtk
constructions_Perl.pl
continue
convert
coucou
cp
cpan
cpio
cpp
croco-config
crontab
csh
csplit
csslint
ctags
ctr_lnk
cupsconfig
cupsdconf
cupsdoprint
cupstestppd
curl
curl-config
cut
cvs
cvsaccess
cvsaccess~
cvsbug
cytune
date
dateconfig
db1_dump185
db_archive
db_checkpoint
db_deadlock
db_dump
db_dump185
db_load
db_printlog
db_recover
db_stat
db_upgrade
dbus-cleanup-sockets
dbus-daemon-1
dbus-monitor
dbus-send
db_verify
dc
dcop
dcopclient
dcopfind
dcopobject
dcopref
dcopserver
dcopserver_shutdown
dcopstart
dd
ddate
deallocvt
debugsh
declare
dehtmldiff
desktopconv
desktop-create-kmenu
desktop-file-install
desktop-file-validate
desktop-menu-tool
detect_ppa
devdump
df
dga
dia
dialog
dico_uk-fr
diff
diff3
diffpp
diffstat
dig
dir
dircolors
dirs
disable
disol
disown
display
djpeg
dlpsh
dmesg
dnsdomainname
dns-helper
do
doexec
domainname
done
dos2unix
doxygen
doxytag
dprofpp
dpsexec
dpsinfo
drkonqi
dsirc
dtest.html
du
dumpkeys
dump-mixers
dvdgen
dvdrecord
dvd+rw-booktype
dvd+rw-format
dvipdf
ebrowse
ec
echo
EC_h.pl
ECsubstitu.pl
ed
editdiff
editres
eggcups
egrep
eject
elif
ellcc
else
emacs
emacs-21.3
emacsclient
enable
enc2xs
enscript
env
eog
eps2eps
epsffit
eqn
eqn2graph
esac
escputil
esd
esdcat
esdctl
esddsp
esdfilt
esdloop
esdmon
esdplay
esdrec
esdsample
espdiff
essai_concatene_ls.pl
essai_path2.pl
essai_path.pl
essai.pl
essai_split_join.pl
etags
etags.xemacs
etest.html
eu-elflint
eu-nm
eu-readelf
eu-size
eu-strip
eval
evolution
evolution-1.4
evolution-addressbook-export
ex
exec
execstack
exit
exo1.pl
exo_pp.pl
expand
export
expr
extensionproxy
extractres
eyuvtoppm
f77
factor
faillog
false
fam
fax2ps
fax2tiff
fbtv
fc
fc-cache
fc-list
fdformat
fetchmail
fg
fgconsole
fgrep
fi
fiascotopnm
file
file-roller
fileshareset
filterdiff
find
find2perl
finger
fitstopnm
fixcvsdiff
fixdlsrps
fixfmps
fixmacps
fixmswrd.pl
fixnt
fixps
fixpsditps
fixpspps
fixscribeps
fixtpps
fixwfwps
fixwpps
fixwwps
flea
flex
flex++
flipdiff
floppy
fmt
fmtest
fold
font2c
foomatic-combo-xml
foomatic-compiledb
foomatic-configure
foomatic-datafile
foomatic-gswrapper
foomatic-perl-data
foomatic-ppdfile
foomatic-printjob
foomatic-rip
for
formail
free
fslsfonts
fstobdf
fstopgm
ftp
function
funzip
fwindex
g++
g3topbm
g77
gaim
gaim-remote
gataxx
gawk
gcalctool
gcc
gcj
gcjh
gconfd-1
gconf-editor
gconfigger
gconf-sanity-check-1
gconftool-1
gconftool-2
gcore
gcov
gctags
gdb
gdbserver
gdialog
gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders
gdm
gdm-binary
gdmchooser
gdmflexiserver
gdmgreeter
gdmlogin
gdmphotosetup
gdmsetup
gdmthemetester
gdmXnest
gdmXnestchooser
geai
geai1.pl
#geai2.pl#
geai2.pl
geai_U.pl
geai_w.pl
gedit
gemtopbm
gemtopnm
gencat
gendiff
geqn
GET
getafm
getconf
getent
getfacl
getfattr
gethostip
getkeycodes
getopt
getopts
gettext
gettextize
gfloppy
gftp
gftp-gtk
gftp-text
ggv
ghostscript
gif2tiff
giftopnm
gij
gimp
gimp-1.2
gimp-remote
gimp-remote-1.2
gindxbib
gkb_xmmap
glibcbug
glines
glookbib
glxgears
glxinfo
gmake
gnat
gnatbind
gnatbl
gnatchop
gnatfind
gnatgcc
gnatkr
gnatlink
gnatls
gnatmake
gnatname
gnatprep
gnatpsta
gnatxref
gnect
gneqn
gnibbles
gnobots2
gnome-about
gnome-accessibility-keyboard-properties
gnome-at-properties
gnome-background-properties
gnome-bug
gnome-calculator
gnome-cd
gnome-cd-properties
gnome-character-map
gnome-control-center
gnome-default-applications-properties
gnome-desktop-item-edit
gnome-dictionary
gnome-display-properties
gnome-dump-metadata
gnome-file-types-properties
gnome-font-properties
gnome-font-viewer
gnome-gen-mimedb
gnome-help
gnome-keybinding-properties
gnome-keyboard-layout
gnome-keyboard-properties
gnome-mouse-properties
gnome-moz-remote
gnome-name-service
gnome-network-preferences
gnome-open
gnome-panel
gnome-panel-preferences
gnome-panel-screenshot
gnome-pilot-make-password
gnome-print-manager
gnome-search-tool
gnome_segv
gnome-session
gnome-session-properties
gnome-session-remove
gnome-session-save
gnome-settings-daemon
gnome-smproxy
gnome-sound-properties
gnome-sound-recorder
gnome-stones
gnome-system-monitor
gnome-terminal
gnome-text-editor
gnome-theme-manager
gnome-theme-thumbnailer
gnome-thumbnail-font
gnome-typing-monitor
gnome-ui-properties
gnomevfs-cat
gnomevfs-copy
gnomevfs-info
gnomevfs-ls
gnomevfs-mkdir
gnome-volume-control
gnome-window-properties
gnome-wm
gnomine
gnotravex
gnotski
gnroff
gnuattach
gnuchess
gnuclient
gnudoit
goad-browser
gok
go-rhn.sh
gouldtoppm
gpasswd
gpdf
gpg
gpgsplit
gpgv
gphoto2
gpic
gpilotd-control-applet
gpilotd-session-wrapper
gpilot-install-file
gpm-root
gprof
grefer
grep
grep-changelog
grepdiff
grepjar
grn
grodvi
groff
groffer
grolbp
grolj4
grops
grotty
groups
growisofs
gs
gsbj
gsdj
gsdj500
gslj
gslp
gsnd
gsoelim
gst-complete
gst-compprep
gst-feedback
gst-inspect
gst-launch
gst-launch-ext
gst-md5sum
gstreamer-properties
gst-register
gst-thumbnail
gst-typefind
gst-visualise
gst-xmllaunch
gtali
gtar
gtbl
gtf
gthumb
gtkam
gtk-demo
gtk-query-immodules-2.0
gtoaster
gtoaster-root
gtroff
gucharmap
guile
guile-tools
gunzip
gzexe
gzip
h2ph
h2xs
halt
hash
head
HEAD
help
hesinfo
hexdump
hinotes
hipstopgm
history
hltest
host
hostid
hostname
hoststat
hpcdtoppm
hpftodit
hpijs
htdb_dump
htdb_load
htdb_stat
htdig
htdump
HtFileType
htfuzzy
htload
htmerge
htmlview
htnotify
htpurge
htsearch
htstat
hwbrowser
i386
i386-redhat-linux-c++
i386-redhat-linux-g++
i386-redhat-linux-gcc
iagno
iceauth
ico
icontopbm
iconv
id
ident
identify
if
ifnames
ifogen
igawk
ijsgimpprint
ilbmtoppm
imagetops
imgtoppm
import
in
inb
includeres
indent
indexure.pl
indxbib
info
infocmp
infokey
infotocap
inl
install
install-catalog
install-datebook
install-expenses
install-hinote
install-memo
install-netsync
install-todo
install-todos
install-user
interdiff
internet-druid
intltool-extract
intltoolize
intltool-merge
intltool-prepare
intltool-update
inw
ioport
ipcalc
ipcrm
ipcs
irdadump
irkbd
irpsion5
isdnbill
isdnconf
isdnrate
isdnrep
isodebug
isodump
isoinfo
isosize
isovfy
ispell
jade
jag
jago
jago~
jar
jcf-dump
jobs
join
jpegtopnm
jpegtran
jsattach
jscal
jstest
jv-convert
jv-scan
jwhois
k2m.pl
kab2kabc
kaboodle
kaccess
kaddprinterwizard
kasteroids
kate
katomic
kaudiocreator
kbackgammon
kban
kbanner.kss
kbattleship
kbd_mode
kbdrate
kblackbox
kblankscrn.kss
kblob.kss
kbouboule.kss
kbounce
kbuildsycoca
kcalc
kcharselect
kcheckpass
kcminit
kcmshell
kcolorchooser
kcoloredit
kconf_update
kcontrol
kcookiejar
kdb2html
kdcop
kdebugdialog
kde-config
kded
kdeeject
kdeinit
kdeinit_shutdown
kdeinit_wrapper
kdepasswd
kdeprintfax
kdesktop
kdesktop_lock
kdessh
kdesu
kdesud
kdesu_stub
kdf
kdialog
kdict
kdm
kdm_config
kdm_greet
kdontchangethehostname
kdvi
kedit
keditbookmarks
keditfiletype
kenolaba
keuphoria.kss
keytab-lilo
kfax
kfile
kfind
kfloppy
kflux.kss
kfmclient
kfmexec
kfouleggs
kfountain.kss
kget
kghostview
kgpgcertmanager
kgravity.kss
khelpcenter
khexedit
khotkeys
kicker
kiconedit
kill
killall
kimage_concat
kinfocenter
kinstalltheme
kio_devices_mounthelper
kio_http_cache_cleaner
kioslave
kio_uiserver
kit
kjobviewer
kjots
kjumpingcube
klaptopdaemon
klauncher
klickety
klines
klines.kss
klipper
klocaldomainurifilterhelper
klorenz.kss
kmahjongg
kmail
kmailcvt
kmailservice
kmatrix.kss
kmenuedit
kmid
kmidi
kmines
kmix
kmixctrl
kmorph3d.kss
knewstickerstub
knode
knotify
kolf
konqueror
konquest
konsole
konsole_grantpty
kooka
korn
kpac_dhcp_helper
kpager
kpaint
kpartsaver.kss
kpat
kpersonalizer
kpipes.kss
kpm
kpoker
kpolygon.kss
kppp
kppplogview
kprinter
kpyro.kss
krandom.kss
krandrtray
krb5-config
krdb
krdc
kreadconfig
krec
kreversi
krfb
krock.kss
krootimage
kruler
ksame
kscd
kscience.kss
ksendbugmail
kshell
kshisen
ksim
ksirc
ksirtet
kslidescreen.kss
kslideshow.kss
ksmiletris
ksmserver
ksnake
ksnapshot
ksokoban
ksolarwinds.kss
kspaceduel
kspace.kss
ksplash
kstart
ksvgtopng
kswarm.kss
ksysguard
ksysguardd
ksystraycmd
ktalkd
ktalkdlg
ktelnetservice
ktest
ktimer
ktimidity
ktip
ktron
ktuberling
kuickshow
kview
kviewshell
kvm.kss
kwave.kss
kwebdesktop
kwikdisk
kwin
kwin4
kwin4proc
kwmtheme
kwrapper
kwrite
kwrited
kxkb
kxmlrpcd
kxsconfig
kxsrun
l.
last
lastb
lastlog
lblmy1.sh
lbxproxy
lchfn
lchsh
ld
ldd
lddlibc4
ldif2kab.pl
ldif2r.pl
leaftoppm
less
lessecho
lesskey
lesspipe.sh
let
lex
lftp
lftpget
lha
libgnomeprint-2.0-font-install
libieee1284_test
libmikmod-config
libnetcfg
libst-config
libtool
libtoolize
libusb-config
link
lisa
lispmtopgm
listres
lkbib
ll
ln
lndir
lnusertemp
loadkeys
loadshlib
loadunimap
local
locale
localedef
locate
lockfile
logger
login
logname
logout
look
lookbib
lp
lp.cups
lpoptions
lppasswd
lpq
lpq.cups
lpr
lpr.cups
lprm
lprm.cups
lprsetup.sh
lpstat
lpstat.cups
ls
lsattr
lsdiff
lskat
lskatproc
lspgpot
lss16toppm
ltrace
luit
lwp-download
lwp-mirror
lwp-request
lwp-rget
lz
m4
mac2unix
macptopbm
Maelstrom
magicdev
magicfilter-t
magnifier
mahjongg
mail
Mail
mail.local
mailq
mailq.sendmail
mailsettings
mailstat
make
makecd
make_driver_db_cups
make_driver_db_lpr
make_encmap
makeinfo
makemap
makepsres
makestrs
makewhatis
man
man2html
manpath
mapscrn
mattrib
mbadblocks
mbchk
mc
mcat
mcd
mcedit
mcheck
mcmfmt
mcomp
mcookie
mcopy
md5sum
mdatopbm
mdel
mdeltree
mdir
mdu
megami
meinproc
memos
memprof
merge
mergelib
mesg
metacity
metacity-message
metacity-theme-viewer
metacity-window-demo
mev
mformat
mgrtopbm
mid2note.pl
midisend
mikmod
minfo
minicom
mkafmmap
mkcfm
mk_cmds
mkcramfs
mkdir
mkdirhier
mkfifo
mkfontdir
mkfontscale
mkhtmlindex
mkhybrid
mkisofs
mkmanifest
mknod
mktemp
mkxauth
mlabel
mmapr
mmapw
mmd
mmount
mmove
mogrify
money2qif
montage
more
mount
mouse-test
mozilla
mpage
mpartition
mrd
mren
mrmlsearch
mrproject
msgattrib
msgcat
msgcmp
msgcomm
msgconv
msgen
msgexec
msgfilter
msgfmt
msggrep
msghack
msginit
msgmerge
msgunfmt
msguniq
mshowfat
mt
mtools
mtoolstest
mtvtoppm
mtype
mute
mutt
mv
mxtar
myTkbox.pl
mzip
name-client
namei
nano
nautilus
nautilus-cd-burner
nautilus-file-management-properties
neat
neat-control
nenscript
neotoppm
neqn
netstat
newaliases
newaliases.sendmail
newgrp
new-object
ngettext
nice
nisdomainname
nl
nm
noatun
noatunsynaescope.bin
noatuntippecanoe.bin
noatuntyler.bin
nohup
nroff
nsgmls
nslookup
nspluginscan
nspluginviewer
nsupdate
ntlm_auth
ntpstat
ntsc-cc
oaf-client
oafd
oaf-run-query
oaf-slay
oaf-sysconf
objcopy
objdump
oclock
od
ogg123
oggdec
oggenc
ogginfo
oggtst
ogonkify
oldrdist
on_ac_power
onsgmls
oocalc
oodraw
ooffice
ooimpress
oomath
oopadmin
ootags
oowriter
opannotate
opcontrol
openjade
openssl
openvt
opgprof
op_help
op_import
opreport
oprofiled
oprof_start
orbit-event-server
orbit-ird
orbit-name-server
osgmlnorm
ospam
ospcat
ospent
osx
outb
outl
outw
over
pal2rgb
palmtopnm
pamchannel
pamcut
pamdeinterlace
pamfile
pamoil
pam-panel-icon
pamstretch
pamstretch-gen
pamtopnm
pan
panel-test-applets
pango-querymodules
partition_uuid
passwd
paste
patch
pathchk
pax
pbm2ppa
pbmclean
pbmlife
pbmmake
pbmmask
pbmpage
pbmpscale
pbmreduce
pbmtext
pbmto10x
pbmto4425
pbmtoascii
pbmtoatk
pbmtobbnbg
pbmtocmuwm
pbmtoepsi
pbmtoepson
pbmtog3
pbmtogem
pbmtogo
pbmtoicon
pbmtolj
pbmtoln03
pbmtolps
pbmtomacp
pbmtomda
pbmtomgr
pbmtonokia
pbmtopgm
pbmtopi3
pbmtopk
pbmtoplot
pbmtoppa
pbmtopsg3
pbmtoptx
pbmtowbmp
pbmtox10bm
pbmtoxbm
pbmtoybm
pbmtozinc
pbmtpg
pbmupc
pcdindex
pcitweak
pcregrep
pcretest
pcxtoppm
pdbedit
pdf2dsc
pdf2ps
pdfopt
pdiff
perl
perl5.8.1
perlbug
perlcc
perldoc
perlivp
pf2afm
pfbtopfa
pfbtops
pftp
pgawk
pgmbentley
pgmcrater
pgmedge
pgmenhance
pgmhist
pgmkernel
pgmnoise
pgmnorm
pgmoil
pgmramp
pgmslice
pgmtexture
pgmtofs
pgmtolispm
pgmtopbm
pgmtoppm
pgpewrap
pgpring
pgrep
pi1toppm
pi3topbm
pia
pic
pic2graph
piconv
pi-csd
pi-getram
pi-getrom
pi-getromtoken
pilot-addresses
pilot-archive
pilot-clip
pilot-datebook
pilot-dedupe
pilot-file
pilot-foto
pilot-prc
pilot-schlep
pilot-xfer
pinfo
ping
ping6
pinky
pi-nredir
pj-gs.sh
pjtoppm
pkg-config
pkill
pktopbm
pl2pm
play
playmus
playwave
pman
pmap
pngtopnm
pnm2ppa
pnmalias
pnmarith
pnmcat
pnmcolormap
pnmcomp
pnmconvol
pnmcrop
pnmcut
pnmdepth
pnmenlarge
pnmfile
pnmflip
pnmgamma
pnmhisteq
pnmhistmap
pnmindex
pnminterp
pnminvert
pnmmargin
pnmmontage
pnmnlfilt
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pnmpsnr
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pnmtile
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pnmtopng
pnmtops
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pnmtotiff
pnmtotiffcmyk
pnmtoxwd
pod2html
pod2latex
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pod2text
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podchecker
podselect
popd
POST
post-grohtml
poweroff
ppm2tiff
ppm3d
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ppmchange
ppmcie
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ppmcolors
ppmdim
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ppmflash
ppmforge
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ppmnorm
ppmntsc
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ppmquant
ppmquantall
ppmqvga
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ppmtoacad
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ppmtopcx
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ppmtopi1
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ppmtorgb3
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ppmtv
pp.pl
pppoed
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pr
pre-grohtml
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printafm
printconf
printconf-gui
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printf
printtool
procmail
profiles
propwatch
protoize
proxymngr
ps
ps2ascii
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ps2ps
psbook
psed
psfaddtable
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psidtopgm
psmandup
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psnup
pspell-config
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ptx
pup.pl
purgestat
pushd
pv.sh
pwd
pxboard
python
python2
python2.2
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qtconfig3
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ranlib
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rb
rcp
rcs
rcs2log
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rhythmbox
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rm
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rmic
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rootv
roulette.pl
rpcgen
rpm
rpm2cpio
rpmbuild
rpmdb
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rpVarEnV.pl
rsh
rsvg
rsync
run
rundig
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RunWM
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same-gnome
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sb
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script
scrollkeeper-config
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scrollkeeper-install
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scrollkeeper-update
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sdiff
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sensors
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sha1sum
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snice
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sound-juicer
source
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ssh
ssh-add
ssh-agent
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tclsh8.3
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texteroids
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tic
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tr
tracepath
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true
tryprint.pl
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ttfprint
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tty
tuxracer
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type
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ul
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until
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uz
v4l-conf
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vdir.pl
vfperf
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vi
vida
vide
vide+
vide12
view
viewres
vim
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vlnk_2-3.pl
vlnk.pl
vmstat
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w
wait
wall
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wc
webcam
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whoami
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wish8.3
wmxmms
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workman2cddb.pl
write
wrjpgcom
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X
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X11
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Xprt
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