... the business of pornographic films sold in Quaker Oats tins; the business of the Chinese Charade ("jeux des trente-six betes", as it was called by Baron Drummond who introduced the Cantonese lottery of numbered animals to America), ...
Peaka pow is a South Chinese gambling game based on number series which are changed every week. It is so complicated that only a Chinese can manage to keep track of its weekly permutations and
The Chinese introduced a popular lottery known locally as the "duqui."
The community established a Chinese organization that, among other activities, celebrated the founding of Sun Yat Sen's revolutionary party in 1912.
He concluded that the Jamaican Chinese population remained relatively culturally distinct in comparison to the highly creolized Chinese population of Guyana.
Some of the prominent Chinese merchant families of Bluefields established successful businesses in Port that were able to compete with the company
The Chinese.
From the ending of the past century the Chinese began arriving in Bluefields, and by the nineteen twenties, they had in their hands nearly all the ...
Chow Wing Sing, even had coins minted with his own name on them.
From what parts of China, and how did they come ?
the older Chinese themselves said that almost all of them were from Canton.
The older Creoles said that they came in all possible ways: legal and illegal.
Some of the old folks of Bluefields still remember how they used to bring the Chinese as contraband.
They claim that some of the Chinese came in barrels, and that sometimes they were even dumped overboard whenever there was the possibility of the ship getting searched by the wrong people.
After arriving and settling down, they went into nearly everything that produced money: exportation, importation, wholesale, retail, restaurants, bars, laundry, clothes factories, soap factories, photo studios, candy factories, biscuit factories, transportation and gambling.
They were first to introduce into Bluefields the Mini lottery that is known today as «duqui». Only they didn't depend on the national lottery or anything of that sort: they had their own home made equipment. A lot of them also had installed in their shops the gambling slot - machine. This was a machine looking like some kind of hand mill, with a slot the size enough to accommodate coins. The gambler would put in his coin and pull a lever. If he is lucky, a big amount of money would pour out of the machine. The majority of times that did not happen. A few of the members of the Chinese community became well known and popular for certain special reasons. In that sense, there was the remarkable Mr. John Fong. Jack -as his Bluefieldsians friends called him- was a complete all around athlete. He played every game that was played in the Bluefields and was outstanding in all. He played tennis, baseball, basket ball, volley ball, and when he was too old to play, he patronized different teams. On the main street of Bluefields -now called "Neysi Rios"- in thecenter of the city, there was Pim Poy in his cook shop. He sold very good cheap food: chopped meat and rice, rice and beans, bread and coffee, biscuits and a lot more. For the working people who had no where else to eat, and anybody else who wanted to, Pim Poy's was the place. He is still remembered by a great many people. In the well known swamps of Old Bank, at the edge of the lagoon, Mantalong established himself. At Cotton Tree, also near the swamps and the lagoon, Chow Ping and Cua Ho settled down. All three of them were farmers. They provided Bluefields with enough and the best of vegetables of all kinds. They also raised the best of pigs. They formed a part of the scenery of Bluefields. It was a familiar sight in the neighborhoods of Old Bank and Cotton Tree to see them walking with their load of whatever it was, in two square five - gallons tin cans suspended one at each end of a wooden pole balanced on their shoulders. The first generations of Chinese kept to themselves. They did not mix much with the local people. As immigrants in a strange land they were very united. All disputes were settled among themselves. They never resorted to the local authorities for matters concerning a country man. Some of the local boys made some of these first comers passed some very unpleasant moments. They made fun out of the way they ate, the way they talked. They teased them, they jeered them and they played all kinds of pranks on them. They would do anything to get them angry, because for them it was the greatest joke to hear the Chinese curse and pronounce some of the local obscenities which were among the first things that some of them learned after arriving.
For example, as some of the new comers did not understand much Creole English, some of the boys would walk into one of their stores and ask for some of the strangest things, such as a tin of American mud, a box of rocks, a round square, or any other absurdity that came to their minds at the moment. The Chinese would in those cases go through his wares, showing them item after item, asking each time if that's what they wanted, until he got tired, then they would explode with laughter in his face.
The older Chinese, after settling down, whenever they could afford it would send back to China for wives they had left behind, or they would order wives by mail. This was done by -among other things- sending photos of themselves with their orders.
But some of the most pragmatic ones just simply took one of the local women with or without marriage. The majority of younger generation -both men and women- began marrying local people, even sometimes against the will of their parents.
From the commercially predominant flourishing days of the Chinese in Bluefields, the older people still remember the big public yearly celebrations of the Kuo Ming Tang, the republican political party founded by Dr. Sun Yat Sen on the 11th of October 1912.
On these occasions, they would hand out at their club house packages of sweets to all the children who attended the event. They would also display an impressive amount of fireworks. They would make an enormous artificial dragon swallow Chinese lady. That was most impressive to those that saw it. For the days when practically the whole commercial central area of Bluefields belonged to the Chinese, all the stores remained open at nights until 8:00 RM. from Monday to Friday, and until 9:00 RM. on Saturday. This continued up until the late nineteen sixties when the local labor union began to make the stores pay their clerks the legal overtime.
In those days the city presented a lively sight with all the lights from the stores and the streets crowded with people: some shopping and some just strolling aroung.
Wing Sang was the most popular street corner at night.
There the men would meet to gossip and to put each other up to date with the news.
The popularity of this corner reached to such an extent that its name was carried out of Bluefields and out of Nicaragua by migrating Bluefieldians.
During the nineteen forties and fifties after an exodus of young Bluefields men to Colón, Panama, there was a corner on eight street and Bolivar Avenue in the city of Colón, on which there immigrants from Bluefields used to meet and they called "Wing Sang" corner.
And during the late nineteen fifties and early sixties after a lot of Bluefields boys went to Managua, the corner on the 15th of September street just before you reached the Cine Luciérnaga going to the East, was also called «Wing Sang» ....
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If a person broke an egg and put in the afternoon sun on Good Friday, it would take the shape of a church or a tomb. If it takes the shape of a church, it mean a wedding for the person. If it takes the shape of a tomb, it means death.
If on Good Friday you cut a certain tree known locally as physic nut, it would bleed human blood.
If you swept the feet of a person with a broom, the person would never get married.
If a bigger person stepped over a child, the child would grow much slower than normal.
When the palm of one of your hands itches, it means that you are going to receive money.
Whenever a butterfly or another flying insects entered someone's house, it meant that they were going to get a visitor.
If the doryman turned down the calabash in the dory, it would cause bad weather.
To get a visitor who is unwanted, or who is overstaying his time, to leave your house, you put a broom up side down in a corner, then you put some salt on it. That would make the visitor leave.
Whenever a galley wasp bites you, if it reaches water to drink before you, you will die. So therefore whenever bitten by one, you have to put up a good run to get water before it does.
For playing the little local lottery illegal known as "duqui", every accident, every event, every special occasion and every dream means the winning number. So most people buy their numbers according to those beliefs. The above are but a few of the superstitions beliefs and practices that came down from the past generations to the present.
Para jugar la pequeña lotería local conocida como “duquí”, cada accidente, cada evento, cada ocasión especial y cada sueño, simbolizan el número ganador. Así que la mayoría de la gente compra sus números de acuerdo con esas creencias.
Hay una especie de lotería local (Duquí) que se corre con la Lotería Nacional, la de Costa Rica y Panamá El día de pago vimos alrededor, de veinticinco mujeres vendiendo esta lotería que muchos mineros compran al par que se privan de cumplir con necesidades urgentes personales y familiares. También hay muchas personas que prestan al 10%
source
Durante nuestra niñez conocimos a Doña Cristina y dice que desde los 27 años empezó a vender el famoso "duquí", una especie de lotería costeña semanal, dejando esta actividad a los 42 años de edad por enfermedad.
Source Prohíbase en la República el juego que se ha conocido con el nombre de Lotería China.
duquí: Un juego de azar prohibido que se juega con la lotería nacional de Panamá.
Hing quien organizó los juegos de azar chinos: la lotería china, la rifa china y la charada china. Estos juegos prontamente calaron en gran parte de la población; algunos se entregaron desenfrenadamente a esta diversión y hasta los estadounidenses compraban con avidez estos billetes. Unos veían en ella una posibilidad de mejorar su mísera condición; a otros, el tedio y aburrimiento les guiaba a esta afición en busca de aventura y ganancias. La tradición conserva un ejemplo de este comportamiento, en la narración acerca del origen del nombre de Salsipuedes.83 Ante todo, es importante aclarar que la Ca- Sorteo de Lotería en la casa del Obispo. lie de Salsipuedes tiene ese nombre desde la época colonial. En España hubo arterias y barrios denominados así. Se encontraban en esa calle, "...grandes barracas oscuras, sucias y malolientes... [que] se transformaban por la noche en centros de jue- Mulford, Juana Oller de: Tradiciones y Cuentos panameños ...
...La prensa de la época informaba sobre casos de homicidios, suicidios y riñas, los cuales con frecuencia eran provocados tanto por el alcohol, como por los juegos de azar. Así fue el caso de una "mujer de color" quien perdió en la lotería china de Calidonia todos los centavos que su marido le había dejado para el alimento de su familia. En su desesperación intentó suicidarse cortándose el cuello...
marineros, vendedores y vendedoras de loterías populares (bólido, charada y duqui), también es la zona bananera de Guatemala
El tipo más frecuente de juego de azar ilegal en la provincia de Limón, era el de la lotería "china" o lo que se llamaba ocasionalmente, la lotería de "Panamá". En general, los billetes eran de bajo precio, pero esto no significaba que no podía convertirse en un gasto oneroso para los trabajadores. Tal es lo que nos informa un artículo del Limón Weekly News, aparecido en 1903: "Un hombre que...
Al día siguiente descubrió que la mujer había malgastado toda la cantidad en la lotería china. (106) Buena parte del juego ilegal en la provincia, estaba en manos de la reducida colonia china. En el censo comercial realizado en 1915, Limón
...Músicas estridentes y graciosas que evocan el Pei-ho, un junco, unos lirios rojos, una doncella pálida trajeada de seda con las cejas pintadas con tinta de Nankin, un chinito coletudo y astuto que le canta, en la mandolina de tres cuerdas, penas y amores chinos. Olor a opio, a maní tostado. Rápidos y encogidos, vendedores de pah-kah-pin, la lotería china. Los locales de las Sociedades de Auxilios Mutuos chinas, encendidos y bullangueros, disimulando en los interiores la mesa de pinta y poker chino. Borrachos y rameras. La «posada» a donde van las meretrices sin clientela en busca de fletes chinos. Entraron al Ton-Pho.
A vista de los consumidores, la cocina. Mesas redondas con chinos absorbiendo arroz y té. Confusión de voces, todas gritando al mismo tiempo. En las paredes, guardados por marcos negros, paisajes pintados en seda. Mendizábal dirigió el menú:
— Sopa de pato, arroz chaú-fá, chancho asado, té verde.
Teddy pidió un beef. No había. Tuvo que contentarse con la comida china y el cubierto chino: dos palitos de ébano y una cucharita de porcelana. Comieron y bebieron del té. Venerable té que allá, en la China, las mujeres recolectan, con la unción de un rito, en las vegas del Chiang-Sou.
Luego a fumar. Hasta las dos de la mañana, los otros roncaron sobre las tarimas del fumadero sórdido. Teddy volvió a sentir el consuelo de verse solo, solo, solo.
De Chinezen.
De eerste Chinese immigranten werden in 1853 uit Java aangevoerd. Tussen 1858 en 1870 werden Chinese immigranten aangevoerd uit Zuid-China. Ze kwamen uit de in Kwantoeng levende
Hakka-Chinezen (thans de belangrijkste groep onder de Surinaamse Chinezen) en de Hoklo-Chinezen uit Foetjien. Na de komst van de contract-abei-ders voor de plantage ontwikkekle zich een vrije immigratie.
De grote meerderheid ging in de handel, vooral in de distributie; op vrijwel ek-ke straathoek in Paramibo stond een 'Chinese winkel' , en overal in de districten kon men er een vinden, soms op de meest eenzame plaatsen.
Later gingen de Chinezen zich met de groothandel bezig houden (als importeur) en deden ze hun intrede ook in andere beroe-pen (zoals goudsmid,) en id de overheidsdienst.
Reeds omstreeks 1890 liet de succesvolle winkelier familieleden uit China overkomen, om hem in zijn zaak te assisteren. Na enige tijd begonnen deze dan hun eigen zaak.
Later kwamen dan ook echtgenote en/of kinderen naar Suriname.
....
Het meisje blijft gedurende haar hele leven tussen de vrouwen wonen, in hetzelfde dorp. De moeder heeft over haar dochter nog meer gezag dan over haar zoon. Zonder moeders toestemming mag ze niet huwen.
Trouwt ze - dat wil zeggen de uit een ander dorp afkomstige man wordt door de familiegroep van haar dorp aanvaard en mag haar komen bezoeken, na voor haar kostgrondje, hut, enzovoort te hebben gezorgd, - dan komt haar huis vlak bij dat van de moeder, die toezicht op haar blijft houden.
Van haar moeder of verzorgster heeft ze al de taken, die ze als vrouw moet beheersen, geleerd.
Deze zijn onder meer: het wassen van de kleren, bereiden van voedsel, beplanten en verzorgen van het kostgrondje, het vlechten van haar haar.
....
De kinderen zijn over het algemeen gevormd in westers-culturele zin en volgen onderwijs op vooral de RK scholen. Ze zijn thans te vinden in alle vrije beroepen, en als werknemer bij banken, verzekeringsmaatschappijen, de overheid en in
het onderwijs. De grote Chinese feesten worden vaak samen met de andere bevolkingsgroepen gevierd.
De Oud-en-Nieuw viering is een feestelijk samenzijn met Chinees vuurwerk, eten en 'dans van de draak.
De Chinese vechtsporten als karate en tai kwan do worden vanuit de Chinese verenigingen uitgedragen.
Veel van de Chinese loterij- en kansspelen zijn popular bij de andere bevolkingsgroepen.
"Mah jong" en "Mah-Thok" worden in veel Surinaamse gezinnen gespeeld.
Door hun handelspositie vormen de Chinezen een krachtige groepering binnen de samenleving.
De in China geborenen (in 1966 was 70% van de Chinese winkeliers in China geboren) stuurden vóór de machtsovername van Mao Ze Dong hun kinderen
- vooral de zoons - voor hun opvoeding naar China. Sommigen keerden later terug om in vaders zaak of in een voor hem bestemde winkel te werken.
Ze vormen een sterk gesloten gemeenschap, hebben hun eigen verenigingen.
De jongeren hebben ook hun eigen vereniging, namelijk de Tsang Ngen Foei. Zij voeden hun kinderen op binnen de oorspronkelijke Chinese traditie.
In dit milieu wordt Chinees gesproken en wordt het eigen Chinese dagblad gelezen. Jongens en meisjes krijgen een gescheiden opvoeding. De jongens helpen al vroeg de vader in de winkel.
De meisjes helpen zowel in de winkel als in het ...